Public health in India is threatened by a variety of factors, including poverty, air and water pollution, lack of access to healthcare, infectious diseases, malnutrition, and poor sanitation. These issues are further exacerbated by the country's rapid population growth, which has led to an increased strain on health services and resources. The greatest threats to public health in India are air and water pollution, malnutrition, and infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, and malaria.